Garabed Giragossian
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| Garabed Giragossian | |
|---|---|
_-_LCCN_2016868442.jpg) Photo portrait, c. 1917 | |
| Born | 6 January 1860 [1] Adiyaman, Anatolia, Ottoman Empire (Turkey) [2] |
| Died | 15 August 1944 (84) Washington, D.C. |
| Burial | Fort Lincoln Cemetery, Brentwood, Maryland |
| Nationality | Ottoman (Turkish); American (imm. 1891, nat. 1902)[1] |
| Ethnicity | Armenian |
_-_LCCN_2016868457.jpg)
Garabed T. K. Giragossian (January 6, 1860 - August 15, 1944) was an Armenian-American inventor who came to some infamy beginning in 1917 over his attempts to receive recognition and protection from the U.S. Government for his Garabed fly-wheel generator, which he claimed was, in effect, a free energy device. The Congress went as far as to pass "Public Resolution 21" ("House Joint Resolution 174") in 1918, making promises for Giragossian's surety and remuneration if he were able to "demonstrate the practicability of his discovery or invention" to a commission of scientists that Giragossian would appoint, with the final approval of the Secretary of the Interior,[P] an act which was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson;[3] however, the committee ultimately found the principles of the device were not practical and would not produce the "free energy" promised.[4][5] In spite of this setback, Giragossian was undissuaded and persisted in his petitioning of the government on the issue, continuing until the end of his life to write letters and seek support for his invention.
Reading
U.S. Government Documentation
- 65th Congress, Session 2 (8 February 1918), [H. J. Res. 174.], [Pub. Res., No. 21]: CHAP. 13 — Joint Resolution for the Purpose of Promoting Efficiency, for the Utilization of the Resources and Industries of the United States, for Lessening the Expenses of the War, and Restoring the Loss Caused by the War by Providing for the Employment of a Discovery or Invention Called the 'Garabed,' Claiming to Make Possible the Utilization of Free Energy: https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch13.pdf, https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch14.pdf
- "Document No. 251, Letter from the Acting Secretary of the Interior, Transmitting A Copy of the Report Made in Accordance with the Provisions of Public Resolution No. 21 by the Commission of Scientists Appointed to Investigate an Invention Submitted by Mr. Garabed T. K. Giragossian.", Senate Documents, 20, Washington: Government Printing Office, 1918, https://books.google.com/books?id=octGAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA7-PA13
- Garabed Free Energy Generator: Hearing Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Patents, United States Senate, Sixty-Seventh Congress, Fourth Sessions, Pursuant to S.J. Res. 71, A Joint Resolution to Amend Section 3 of the Joint Resolution Entitled "Joint Resolution for the Purpose of Promoting Efficiency, For the Utilization of the Resources and Industries of the United States," etc. (February 23, 1923), Washington: Government Printing Office, 1923, https://books.google.com/books?id=ZnQGIvB-4VgC — [includes letters from Giragossian, in which he addresses Harry E. Perrigo's "electrical box", and separate claims that his invention is stolen from others, the first attributed to Alexander Massey Wilson (though it is L. R. Banks of Automatic Power Company, Cincinnati, who makes the claim in the article he cites)[6], and the second to Elbert C. Kilpatrick of San Francisco.]
Press Coverage
- "Garabed: Boon or Buncombe?", Power 47 (7): 221-222, 12 Feb. 1918, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433090821541&view=1up&seq=239
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:VXR7-KJ3
- ↑ "INVENTOR A STUDENT - Armenian Starves and Struggles for Years - HELP IS UNOBTAINABLE - Garabed T. K. Giragossian Sells Suspenders in Study Intervals Until Congress Comes to Aid, H. Cartozian Says", Morning Oregonian (Portland, Oregon): 16, 2 Nov. 1917, https://oregonnews.uoregon.edu/lccn/sn83025138/1917-11-02/ed-1/seq-16.pdf — Cartozian relates G.T.K. Giragossian's place of birth, that he was arrested "about 20 years ago" in Turkey on suspicion of "mischief, perhaps plotting revolution."
- ↑ "Wilson Orders Garabed Power Device Tested", Los Angeles Times 41 (95): 5, 20 Feb. 1918, https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=LAH19180220.2.700&e=-------en--20--1--txt-txIN-Garabed-------1, "After six months Garabed T. K. Giragossian, the Boston Armenian, has at last won his chance to demonstrate his "free energy generator" under government guarantee. President Wilson, after holding the measure for three days, has signed it. Mr. Giragossian is now arranging with Franklin K. Lane, secretary of the Interior, for a demonstration of 'Garabed' before a committee of five scientists. This committee is to be selected by the two in conference, it is understood that five men from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Tufts and Harvard will be agreed on."
- ↑ "'GARABED' PRINCIPLE NOT SOUND, SPECIAL COMMISSION REPORTS - Free Energy Model not in Shape To Run or Develop Power, Investigators Say", Official Bulletin (United States Committee on Public Information) 2 (349), 1 July 1918, https://books.google.com/books?id=bt5dfYPj-yEC&pg=PA1
- ↑ "UNFAVORABLE COMMISSION REPORT ON 'FREE ENERGY' ENGINE", Popular Engineer, https://books.google.com/books?id=QwRDAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA92, "The special commission appointed by resolution Congress to investigate the invention for utilizing 'free energy', known as 'Garabed,' has rendered an unfavorable report on the invention to Secretary of the Interior Lane. The report reads as follows: 'We the undersigned who are members of the commission duly appointed in accordance with the provisions of Public Resolution No. 21, 65th Congress, hereby certify that Mr. Garabed T. K. Giragossian showed us on Saturday, June 29, 1918, a model embodying the principles of his invention known as the 'Garabed.' We found that the model was not in shape to run or develop power. The inventor admitted that he had no working machine and that he was merely explaining principles. We do not believe that his principles are sound, that his device is operative, or that it can result in the practical development or utilization of free energy. The report is signed by the commission consisting of James A. Moyer, director of the Massachusetts State Board of Education, and Edward F. Miller, M. de Kay Thompson, Edwin B. Wilson, and Charles L. Norton, all of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology."
- ↑ "'GARABED A FAKE,' BUT NEVER MIND, HERE'S SUBSTITUTE", Washington Times: 2, 15 Oct. 1917, https://www.loc.gov/resource/sn84026749/1917-10-15/ed-1/?sp=2&r=0.149,0.362,0.512,0.3,0