F. Amadeo Giannini

Francis Amadeo Giannini is the author of a 1959 book entitled Worlds Beyond the Poles, in which he posits that the earth's poles extend into a continuous surface (as opposed to outer space), leading not so much upward or downward but across the perceived universe, which he terms simply "Physical Continuum" or the Giannini Concept. In the simplest terms, Giannini argued that a bridge exists from the "South Pole of Earth to the North Pole of Mars, and from the North Pole of Earth to the South Pole of Venus," also connecting "Venus to Mercury, on the one hand, and Mars to Jupiter on the other."